Interacting with Domain Name Services¶

Address Lookup by Name¶

Use the coroutine getaddrinfo() to convert a hostname and port number to an IP or IPv6 address. As with the version of the function in the socket module, the return value is a list of tuples containing five pieces of information.

1. The address family
2. The address type
3. The protocol
4. The canonical name for the server
5. A socket address tuple suitable for opening a connection to the server on the port originally specified

Queries can be filtered by protocol, as in this example, where only TCP responses are returned.

import asyncio
import logging
import socket
import sys


TARGETS = [
    ('pymotw.com', 'https'),
    ('doughellmann.com', 'https'),
    ('python.org', 'https'),
]


async def main(loop, targets):
    for target in targets:
        info = await loop.getaddrinfo(
            *target,
            proto=socket.IPPROTO_TCP,
        )

        for host in info:
            print('{:20}: {}'.format(target[0], host[4][0]))


event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
try:
    event_loop.run_until_complete(main(event_loop, TARGETS))
finally:
    event_loop.close()

The example program converts a hostname and protocol name to IP address and port number.

$ python3 asyncio_getaddrinfo.py

pymotw.com          : 66.33.211.242
doughellmann.com    : 66.33.211.240
python.org          : 23.253.135.79

Name Lookup by Address¶

The coroutine getnameinfo() works in the reverse direction, converting an IP address to a hostname and a port number to a protocol name, where possible.

import asyncio
import logging
import socket
import sys


TARGETS = [
    ('66.33.211.242', 443),
    ('104.130.43.121', 443),
]


async def main(loop, targets):
    for target in targets:
        info = await loop.getnameinfo(target)
        print('{:15}: {} {}'.format(target[0], *info))


event_loop = asyncio.get_event_loop()
try:
    event_loop.run_until_complete(main(event_loop, TARGETS))
finally:
    event_loop.close()

This example shows that the IP address for pymotw.com refers to a server at DreamHost, the hosting company where the site runs. The second IP address examined is for python.org, and it does not resolve back to a hostname.

$ python3 asyncio_getnameinfo.py

66.33.211.242  : n821.com https
104.130.43.121 : 104.130.43.121 https